Psychological and Pedagogical Researches in the Sphere of Primary Education in Ukraine (the 60s of the 20th century)

Abstract

Social and political, socio-economic and cultural transformations which took place in Ukraine in the 50s of the 20th century caused the forming of new educational order: preparing of highly educated skilled specialists. An important role in solving this problem belonged to the primary education as a basis that lays down the foundations of knowledge, abilities and skills necessary for further successful studies. However the school practice of that time was behind the real demands of life; it did not answer the level of science, technique and culture development; it did not take into consideration the growing cognitive possibilities of primary school pupils. Specialists in the sphere of primary education ascertained that the peculiarities of primary school education did not differ greatly from those which had taken place thirty years before; educational content remained almost unchanged from pre-wartimes, the main features of which were narrow practicalness, absence of theoretical generalizations etc. Consequently an objective need in reformation of the primary school link caused the beginning of psychological and pedagogical researches in this sphere